{
  "_id": "6a11641facfb0bcc41cef705",
  "Package": "highfrequency",
  "Version": "1.0.2",
  "Date": "2025-12-06",
  "Title": "Tools for Highfrequency Data Analysis",
  "Authors@R": "c(\nperson(\"Kris\", \"Boudt\", , \"kris.boudt@ugent.be\", role = c(\"aut\", \"cre\"),\ncomment = c(ORCID = \"0000-0002-1000-5142\")),\nperson(\"Jonathan\", \"Cornelissen\", role = \"aut\"),\nperson(\"Scott\", \"Payseur\", , \"Scott.Payseur@gmail.com\", role = \"aut\"),\nperson(\"Giang\", \"Nguyen\", role = \"ctb\"),\nperson(\"Onno\", \"Kleen\", role = \"aut\",\ncomment = c(ORCID = \"0000-0003-4731-4640\")),\nperson(\"Emil\", \"Sjoerup\", role = \"aut\")\n)",
  "Description": "Provide functionality to manage, clean and match\nhighfrequency trades and quotes data, calculate various\nliquidity measures, estimate and forecast volatility, detect\nprice jumps and investigate microstructure noise and intraday\nperiodicity. A detailed vignette can be found in the\nopen-access paper \"Analyzing Intraday Financial Data in R: The\nhighfrequency Package\" by Boudt, Kleen, and Sjoerup (2022,\n<doi:10.18637/jss.v104.i08>).",
  "License": "GPL (>= 2)",
  "Encoding": "UTF-8",
  "LazyData": "true",
  "URL": "https://github.com/jonathancornelissen/highfrequency",
  "BugReports": "https://github.com/jonathancornelissen/highfrequency/issues",
  "RoxygenNote": "7.3.3",
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  "Repository": "https://jonathancornelissen.r-universe.dev",
  "Date/Publication": "2025-12-15 09:07:48 UTC",
  "RemoteUrl": "https://github.com/jonathancornelissen/highfrequency",
  "RemoteRef": "HEAD",
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  "NeedsCompilation": "yes",
  "Packaged": {
    "Date": "2026-05-23 08:17:29 UTC",
    "User": "root"
  },
  "Author": "Kris Boudt [aut, cre] (ORCID: <https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1000-5142>),\nJonathan Cornelissen [aut],\nScott Payseur [aut],\nGiang Nguyen [ctb],\nOnno Kleen [aut] (ORCID: <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4731-4640>),\nEmil Sjoerup [aut]",
  "Maintainer": "Kris Boudt <kris.boudt@ugent.be>",
  "MD5sum": "2d5f664e80ae0a7fbe5df12f30f6e89e",
  "_user": "jonathancornelissen",
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  "_created": "2026-05-23T08:17:29.000Z",
  "_published": "2026-05-23T08:23:59.100Z",
  "_distro": "noble",
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    "message": "Merge pull request #105 from onnokleen/master\n\nsome bug fixes to get to 1.0.2",
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      "date": "2025-12-11"
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  ],
  "_exports": [
    "aggregatePrice",
    "aggregateQuotes",
    "aggregateTrades",
    "aggregateTS",
    "AJjumpTest",
    "autoSelectExchangeQuotes",
    "autoSelectExchangeTrades",
    "BNSjumpTest",
    "businessTimeAggregation",
    "driftBursts",
    "exchangeHoursOnly",
    "gatherPrices",
    "getAlphaVantageData",
    "getCriticalValues",
    "getLiquidityMeasures",
    "getTradeDirection",
    "HARmodel",
    "HEAVYmodel",
    "intradayJumpTest",
    "IVinference",
    "JOjumpTest",
    "knChooseReMeDI",
    "leadLag",
    "listAvailableKernels",
    "listCholCovEstimators",
    "makeOHLCV",
    "makePsd",
    "makeReturns",
    "makeRMFormat",
    "matchTradesQuotes",
    "mergeQuotesSameTimestamp",
    "mergeTradesSameTimestamp",
    "noZeroPrices",
    "noZeroQuotes",
    "plotTQData",
    "quotesCleanup",
    "rankJumpTest",
    "rAVGCov",
    "rBACov",
    "rBeta",
    "rBPCov",
    "rCholCov",
    "rCov",
    "refreshTime",
    "ReMeDI",
    "ReMeDIAsymptoticVariance",
    "rHYCov",
    "rKernelCov",
    "rKurt",
    "rMedRQ",
    "rMedRQuar",
    "rMedRV",
    "rMedRVar",
    "rMinRQ",
    "rMinRQuar",
    "rMinRV",
    "rMinRVar",
    "rmLargeSpread",
    "rmNegativeSpread",
    "rmOutliersQuotes",
    "rmOutliersTrades",
    "rMPV",
    "rMPVar",
    "rMRC",
    "rMRCov",
    "rmTradeOutliersUsingQuotes",
    "rOWCov",
    "rQPVar",
    "rQuar",
    "rRTSCov",
    "rRVar",
    "rSemiCov",
    "rSkew",
    "rSV",
    "rSVar",
    "rThresholdCov",
    "rTPQuar",
    "rTSCov",
    "RV",
    "salesCondition",
    "selectExchange",
    "spotDrift",
    "spotVol",
    "spreadPrices",
    "tradesCleanup",
    "tradesCleanupUsingQuotes",
    "tradesCondition"
  ],
  "_datasets": [
    {
      "name": "sampleMultiTradeData",
      "title": "Multivariate tick by tick data",
      "object": "sampleMultiTradeData",
      "class": [
        "data.table",
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "DT",
        "SYMBOL",
        "PRICE",
        "SIZE"
      ],
      "rows": 43581,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    },
    {
      "name": "sampleOneMinuteData",
      "title": "One minute data",
      "object": "sampleOneMinuteData",
      "class": [
        "data.table",
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "DT",
        "STOCK",
        "MARKET"
      ],
      "rows": 8602,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    },
    {
      "name": "sampleQData",
      "title": "Sample of cleaned quotes for stock XXX for 2 days measured in microseconds",
      "object": "sampleQData",
      "class": [
        "data.table",
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "DT",
        "SYMBOL",
        "BID",
        "OFR",
        "OFRSIZ",
        "BIDSIZ",
        "EX",
        "MIDQUOTE"
      ],
      "rows": 46564,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    },
    {
      "name": "sampleQDataRaw",
      "title": "Sample of raw quotes for stock XXX for 2 days measured in microseconds",
      "object": "sampleQDataRaw",
      "class": [
        "data.table",
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "DT",
        "EX",
        "BID",
        "BIDSIZ",
        "OFR",
        "OFRSIZ",
        "SYMBOL"
      ],
      "rows": 131401,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    },
    {
      "name": "sampleTData",
      "title": "Sample of cleaned trades for stock XXX for 2 days",
      "object": "sampleTData",
      "class": [
        "data.table",
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "DT",
        "EX",
        "SYMBOL",
        "PRICE",
        "SIZE"
      ],
      "rows": 7168,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    },
    {
      "name": "sampleTDataEurope",
      "title": "European data",
      "object": "sampleTDataEurope",
      "class": [
        "data.table",
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "DT",
        "SYMBOL",
        "PRICE",
        "SIZE",
        "NUMTRADES"
      ],
      "rows": 33488,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    },
    {
      "name": "sampleTDataRaw",
      "title": "Sample of raw trades for stock XXX for 2 days",
      "object": "sampleTDataRaw",
      "class": [
        "data.table",
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "DT",
        "EX",
        "SYMBOL",
        "COND",
        "SIZE",
        "PRICE",
        "CORR"
      ],
      "rows": 77263,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    },
    {
      "name": "SPYRM",
      "title": "SPY realized measures",
      "object": "SPYRM",
      "class": [
        "data.table",
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "DT",
        "RV1",
        "RV5",
        "BPV1",
        "BPV5",
        "medRV1",
        "medRV5",
        "RK1",
        "RK5",
        "RQ1",
        "RQ5",
        "medRQ1",
        "medRQ5",
        "CLOSE"
      ],
      "rows": 1495,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    }
  ],
  "_help": [
    {
      "page": "highfrequency-package",
      "title": "highfrequency: Tools for Highfrequency Data Analysis",
      "topics": [
        "highfrequency-package",
        "highfrequency"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "aggregatePrice",
      "title": "Aggregate a time series but keep first and last observation",
      "topics": [
        "aggregatePrice"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "aggregateQuotes",
      "title": "Aggregate a 'data.table' or 'xts' object containing quote data",
      "topics": [
        "aggregateQuotes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "aggregateTrades",
      "title": "Aggregate a 'data.table' or 'xts' object containing trades data´",
      "topics": [
        "aggregateTrades"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "aggregateTS",
      "title": "Aggregate a time series",
      "topics": [
        "aggregateTS"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "AJjumpTest",
      "title": "Ait-Sahalia and Jacod (2009) tests for the presence of jumps in the price series.",
      "topics": [
        "AJjumpTest"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "autoSelectExchangeQuotes",
      "title": "Retain only data from the stock exchange with the highest volume",
      "topics": [
        "autoSelectExchangeQuotes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "autoSelectExchangeTrades",
      "title": "Retain only data from the stock exchange with the highest trading volume",
      "topics": [
        "autoSelectExchangeTrades"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "BNSjumpTest",
      "title": "Barndorff-Nielsen and Shephard (2006) tests for the presence of jumps in the price series.",
      "topics": [
        "BNSjumpTest"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "businessTimeAggregation",
      "title": "Business time aggregation",
      "topics": [
        "businessTimeAggregation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "driftBursts",
      "title": "Inference on drift burst hypothesis",
      "topics": [
        "driftBursts"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "exchangeHoursOnly",
      "title": "Extract data from an 'xts' object for the exchange hours only",
      "topics": [
        "exchangeHoursOnly"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "gatherPrices",
      "title": "Make TAQ format",
      "topics": [
        "gatherPrices"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "getAlphaVantageData",
      "title": "Get high frequency data from Alpha Vantage",
      "topics": [
        "getAlphaVantageData"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "getCriticalValues",
      "title": "Get critical value for the drift burst hypothesis t-statistic",
      "topics": [
        "getCriticalValues",
        "getCriticalValues.DBH"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "getLiquidityMeasures",
      "title": "Compute Liquidity Measure",
      "topics": [
        "getLiquidityMeasures"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "getTradeDirection",
      "title": "Get trade direction",
      "topics": [
        "getTradeDirection"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "HARmodel",
      "title": "Heterogeneous autoregressive (HAR) model for realized volatility model estimation",
      "topics": [
        "HARmodel"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "HEAVYmodel",
      "title": "HEAVY model estimation",
      "topics": [
        "HEAVYmodel"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "ICov",
      "title": "Estimators of the integrated covariance",
      "topics": [
        "ICov"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "intradayJumpTest",
      "title": "Intraday jump tests",
      "topics": [
        "intradayJumpTest"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "IVar",
      "title": "Estimators of the integrated variance",
      "topics": [
        "IVar"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "IVinference",
      "title": "Function returns the value, the standard error and the confidence band of the integrated variance (IV) estimator.",
      "topics": [
        "IVinference"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "JOjumpTest",
      "title": "Jiang and Oomen (2008) tests for the presence of jumps in the price series.",
      "topics": [
        "JOjumpTest"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "knChooseReMeDI",
      "title": "ReMeDI tuning parameter",
      "topics": [
        "knChooseReMeDI"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "leadLag",
      "title": "Lead-Lag estimation",
      "topics": [
        "leadLag"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "listAvailableKernels",
      "title": "Available kernels",
      "topics": [
        "listAvailableKernels"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "listCholCovEstimators",
      "title": "Utility function listing the available estimators for the CholCov estimation",
      "topics": [
        "listCholCovEstimators"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "makeOHLCV",
      "title": "Make Open-High-Low-Close-Volume bars",
      "topics": [
        "makeOHLCV"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "makePsd",
      "title": "Returns the positive semidefinite projection of a symmetric matrix using the eigenvalue method",
      "topics": [
        "makePsd"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "makeReturns",
      "title": "Compute log returns",
      "topics": [
        "makeReturns"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "makeRMFormat",
      "title": "DEPRECATED use 'spreadPrices'",
      "topics": [
        "makeRMFormat"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "matchTradesQuotes",
      "title": "Match trade and quote data",
      "topics": [
        "matchTradesQuotes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "mergeQuotesSameTimestamp",
      "title": "Merge multiple quote entries with the same time stamp",
      "topics": [
        "mergeQuotesSameTimestamp"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "mergeTradesSameTimestamp",
      "title": "Merge multiple transactions with the same time stamp",
      "topics": [
        "mergeTradesSameTimestamp"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "noZeroPrices",
      "title": "Delete the observations where the price is zero",
      "topics": [
        "noZeroPrices"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "noZeroQuotes",
      "title": "Delete the observations where the bid or ask is zero",
      "topics": [
        "noZeroQuotes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "plot.DBH",
      "title": "Plotting method for 'DBH' objects",
      "topics": [
        "plot.DBH"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "plot.HARmodel",
      "title": "Plotting method for HARmodel objects",
      "topics": [
        "plot.HARmodel"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "plot.HEAVYmodel",
      "title": "Plotting method for HEAVYmodel objects",
      "topics": [
        "plot.HEAVYmodel"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "plotTQData",
      "title": "Plot Trade and Quote data",
      "topics": [
        "plotTQData"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "predict.HARmodel",
      "title": "Predict method for objects of type 'HARmodel'",
      "topics": [
        "predict.HARmodel"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "predict.HEAVYmodel",
      "title": "Iterative multi-step-ahead forecasting for HEAVY models",
      "topics": [
        "predict.HEAVYmodel"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "print.DBH",
      "title": "Printing method for 'DBH' objects",
      "topics": [
        "print.DBH"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "print.HARmodel",
      "title": "Printing method for 'HARmodel' objects",
      "topics": [
        "print.HARmodel"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "quotesCleanup",
      "title": "Cleans quote data",
      "topics": [
        "quotesCleanup"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rankJumpTest",
      "title": "Rank jump test",
      "topics": [
        "rankJumpTest"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rAVGCov",
      "title": "Realized covariances via subsample averaging",
      "topics": [
        "rAVGCov"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rBACov",
      "title": "rBACov",
      "topics": [
        "rBACov"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rBeta",
      "title": "Realized beta",
      "topics": [
        "rBeta"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rBPCov",
      "title": "Realized bipower covariance",
      "topics": [
        "rBPCov"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rCholCov",
      "title": "CholCov estimator",
      "topics": [
        "rCholCov"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rCov",
      "title": "Realized covariance",
      "topics": [
        "rCov"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "refreshTime",
      "title": "Synchronize (multiple) irregular timeseries by refresh time",
      "topics": [
        "refreshTime"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "ReMeDI",
      "title": "ReMeDI",
      "topics": [
        "ReMeDI"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "ReMeDIAsymptoticVariance",
      "title": "Asymptotic variance of ReMeDI estimator",
      "topics": [
        "ReMeDIAsymptoticVariance"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rHYCov",
      "title": "Hayashi-Yoshida covariance",
      "topics": [
        "rHYCov"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rKernelCov",
      "title": "Realized kernel estimator",
      "topics": [
        "rKernelCov"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rKurt",
      "title": "Realized kurtosis of highfrequency return series.",
      "topics": [
        "rKurt"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rMedRQ",
      "title": "DEPRECATED",
      "topics": [
        "rMedRQ"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rMedRQuar",
      "title": "An estimator of integrated quarticity from applying the median operator on blocks of three returns",
      "topics": [
        "rMedRQuar"
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    },
    {
      "page": "rMedRV",
      "title": "DEPRECATED",
      "topics": [
        "rMedRV"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rMedRVar",
      "title": "rMedRVar",
      "topics": [
        "rMedRVar"
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    },
    {
      "page": "rMinRQ",
      "title": "DEPRECATED",
      "topics": [
        "rMinRQ"
      ]
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    {
      "page": "rMinRQuar",
      "title": "An estimator of integrated quarticity from applying the minimum operator on blocks of two returns",
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      "page": "rMinRV",
      "title": "DEPRECATED",
      "topics": [
        "rMinRV"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rMinRVar",
      "title": "rMinRVar",
      "topics": [
        "rMinRVar"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rmLargeSpread",
      "title": "Delete entries for which the spread is more than 'maxi' times the median spread",
      "topics": [
        "rmLargeSpread"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rmNegativeSpread",
      "title": "Delete entries for which the spread is negative",
      "topics": [
        "rmNegativeSpread"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rmOutliersQuotes",
      "title": "Remove outliers in quotes",
      "topics": [
        "rmOutliersQuotes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rmOutliersTrades",
      "title": "Remove outliers in trades without using quote data",
      "topics": [
        "rmOutliersTrades"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rMPV",
      "title": "DEPRECATED",
      "topics": [
        "rMPV"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rMPVar",
      "title": "Realized multipower variation",
      "topics": [
        "rMPVar"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rMRC",
      "title": "DEPRECATED rMRC",
      "topics": [
        "rMRC"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rMRCov",
      "title": "Modulated realized covariance",
      "topics": [
        "rMRCov"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rmTradeOutliersUsingQuotes",
      "title": "Delete transactions with unlikely transaction prices",
      "topics": [
        "rmTradeOutliersUsingQuotes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rOWCov",
      "title": "Realized outlyingness weighted covariance",
      "topics": [
        "rOWCov"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rQPVar",
      "title": "Realized quad-power variation of intraday returns",
      "topics": [
        "rQPVar"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rQuar",
      "title": "Realized quarticity",
      "topics": [
        "rQuar"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rRTSCov",
      "title": "Robust two time scale covariance estimation",
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        "rRTSCov"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rRVar",
      "title": "An estimator of realized variance.",
      "topics": [
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      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rSemiCov",
      "title": "Realized semicovariance",
      "topics": [
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    },
    {
      "page": "rSkew",
      "title": "Realized skewness",
      "topics": [
        "rSkew"
      ]
    },
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      "page": "rSV",
      "title": "DEPRECATED",
      "topics": [
        "rSV"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "rSVar",
      "title": "Realized semivariance of highfrequency return series",
      "topics": [
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    },
    {
      "page": "rThresholdCov",
      "title": "Threshold Covariance",
      "topics": [
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      ]
    },
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      "page": "rTPQuar",
      "title": "Realized tri-power quarticity",
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    },
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      "page": "rTSCov",
      "title": "Two time scale covariance estimation",
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    },
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      "page": "RV",
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      "topics": [
        "RV"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "salesCondition",
      "title": "salesCondition is deprecated. Use tradesCondition instead.",
      "topics": [
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      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "sampleMultiTradeData",
      "title": "Multivariate tick by tick data",
      "topics": [
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      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "sampleOneMinuteData",
      "title": "One minute data",
      "topics": [
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    },
    {
      "page": "sampleQData",
      "title": "Sample of cleaned quotes for stock XXX for 2 days measured in microseconds",
      "topics": [
        "sampleQData"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "sampleQDataRaw",
      "title": "Sample of raw quotes for stock XXX for 2 days measured in microseconds",
      "topics": [
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    },
    {
      "page": "sampleTData",
      "title": "Sample of cleaned trades for stock XXX for 2 days",
      "topics": [
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    },
    {
      "page": "sampleTDataEurope",
      "title": "European data",
      "topics": [
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    {
      "page": "sampleTDataRaw",
      "title": "Sample of raw trades for stock XXX for 2 days",
      "topics": [
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    },
    {
      "page": "selectExchange",
      "title": "Retain only data from a single stock exchange",
      "topics": [
        "selectExchange"
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    {
      "page": "spotDrift",
      "title": "Spot Drift Estimation",
      "topics": [
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    },
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